THE WORDS AT YOUR COUNTER
Khata, hisaab, galla: what each word means.
Different shopkeepers say hisaab, hisab, bahi-khata, dukaan accounts or vyapaar ka hisaab. The useful question is the same: what happened, what is left, and which record explains it?
- Hisaab / Hisab / हिसाब
The records that explain your shop transactions and balances. In daily use, this includes sales, collections, purchases, expenses and dues.
Example: Ask “dukaan ka hisaab kaise rakhe?” and start with a daily routine rather than one combined cash total.
Explore this workflow →- Vyapaar / Vyapar / व्यापार
Business or trade. Vyapaar ka hisaab is the record of how business transactions affect sales, stock, money and outstanding balances.
Example: A busy counter still needs purchases, customer dues and expenses recorded alongside sales.
Explore this workflow →- Khata / Bahi-khata / खाता
An account or ledger showing transactions and a running balance for a customer or supplier.
Example: A customer with ₹500 due who pays ₹200 has ₹300 remaining, before any other transactions.
Explore this workflow →- Udhaar / Udhar / उधार
Credit: a sale or purchase whose payment is still due in full or in part.
Example: A ₹300 customer credit bill is a sale and a due, not ₹300 of cash already in the drawer.
Explore this workflow →- Lena / Customer receivable
Money a customer owes the shop from recorded balances and transactions.
Example: “Ramesh se kitna lena hai?” should lead to his customer khata and its transaction history.
Explore this workflow →- Dena / Supplier payable
Money the shop owes a supplier from recorded purchases and balances.
Example: A ₹400 credit purchase followed by a ₹150 payment leaves ₹250 payable.
Explore this workflow →- Galla / गल्ला
The shop cash drawer; Daily Galla reconciles recorded cash movements with physical cash.
Example: UPI receipts are tracked separately from banknotes physically present at the counter.
Explore this workflow →- Bikri / Sales / बिक्री
The recorded value of sales in the relevant report period. Payment can be Cash, UPI or Udhaar.
Example: ₹800 cash sales plus ₹600 UPI sales plus ₹300 credit sales total ₹1,700 of sales.
Explore this workflow →- Vasooli / Customer collection
A payment received against an existing customer balance.
Example: Collecting ₹200 of last week’s udhaar is not another ₹200 sale today.
Explore this workflow →- Daily kharch / Expense
A recorded business expense using the relevant category and payment method.
Example: A cash shop expense reduces recorded cash; a supplier settlement belongs in its own workflow.
Explore this workflow →- Maal / Stock / Inventory
The goods whose quantities are tracked through opening stock, receipts, sales and supported adjustments.
Example: A packet, piece and box need clear meanings before their quantities can be compared.
Explore this workflow →- Opening stock
A reliable quantity established for stock that already exists when the records start.
Example: Count the shelf through the supported opening-stock process instead of inventing a purchase.
Explore this workflow →- Unknown stock
A reliable starting quantity has not been set up; this differs from a known quantity of zero.
Example: A newly created billing item should not be described as unavailable merely because its stock is unknown.
Explore this workflow →- Purchase entry
The record of actual goods received from a supplier, with quantities, units, genuine costs and payment handling.
Example: Paying an older supplier due does not mean another stock delivery arrived.
Explore this workflow →- Cost price / Kharid cost
Genuine cost information used by the supported costing workflow, distinct from an item’s selling price.
Example: An item selling for ₹100 does not establish whether its cost was ₹70 or another amount.
Explore this workflow →- Munafa / Profit / मुनाफा
A result that needs dependable cost and expense data as well as sales; actual reports apply the relevant accounting logic.
Example: When costs are missing, profit can be unknown or partial rather than a fictional selling-price-only result.
Explore this workflow →- Quick Bill
A fast item-billing workflow where missing items can be entered while making the bill.
Example: Enter name, price and quantity for a new item, then review the bill before payment.
Explore this workflow →- Amount-only sale
A separate sale entry for a total when item detail is not being captured.
Example: Use it for a suitable one-off amount; use item billing when the receipt and item history need line detail.
Explore this workflow →- Partial payment
Payment of part of an outstanding amount, leaving the remainder due.
Example: Receiving ₹200 against ₹500 due leaves ₹300 to collect.
Explore this workflow →- Reconciliation / Cash milana
Comparing recorded transactions and expected balances with independent evidence, such as a physical cash count.
Example: If expected cash is ₹1,600 and counted cash is ₹1,550, investigate the ₹50 difference.
Explore this workflow →